ere定语从句用法 where定语从句做什么成分? where定语从句例句1
语从句中,where作为关系副词,其核心影响是充当地点状语,用于修饰表示地点或抽象场景的先行词。下面内容是具体分析及用法
一、where在定语从句中的成分
状语
where引导的定语从句中,where本身在从句中充当地点状语,相当于“介词(如in/at/on)+ which”结构,表示动作发生的地点。例如:- This is the village where (=in which) he was born.(修饰具体地点“village”)
- We need a place where we can stay for a few days.(“where”对应“in which”)
抽象概念
where还可修饰表示抽象场景或情形的先行词(如case, situation, stage等),此时where仍作状语。例如:- We have reached a point where (=at which) a change is needed.(修饰抽象概念“point”)
二、使用where的制度与限制
词必须表示地点或抽象场景
- 具体地点:village, city, hotel等;
- 抽象场景:situation, point, case等。
- 错误示例:若先行词在从句中作主语或宾语,需用which/that,而非where。例如:
- 正确:This is the factory that produces cars.(从句缺主语,不能用where)
- 错误:This is the factory where produces cars.
介词+which”的转换
where可替换为“介词+which”,但介词需与先行词搭配。例如:- The hotel where (=in which) we stayed was clean.
- The company where (=at which) I work is nearby.
引导非限制性定语从句
where通常引导限制性定语从句(不可省略),而which可引导非限制性定语从句。例如:- 限制性:This is the room where we held the meeting.(不可省略where)
- 非限制性:Shanghai, which is a modern city, attracts many tourists.(不可用where)
三、常见错误与辨析
where与which/that
- 若从句缺主语/宾语,用which/that;若缺地点状语,用where。例如:
- The time when/at which I met her was unforgettable.(时刻状语)
- The time that/which I told you is important.(从句缺宾语,用that/which)
- 若从句缺主语/宾语,用which/that;若缺地点状语,用where。例如:
与状语从句混淆
where引导定语从句时修饰名词,而地点状语从句修饰动词。例如:- 定语从句:I found my book where I left it.(修饰“book”的地点)
- 状语从句:Go where you want.(修饰动作“go”)
四、实战应用示例
填空:
ilding the terraces meant that they could increase the areas__ they could grow rice.
A. to which B. in which C. with which D. off which
答案:B(“in which”对应“where”,表示在田地中种植水稻)改写:
- 原句:The bookstore where I bought this book is nearby.
- 改写:The bookstore in which I bought this book is nearby.
ere在定语从句中仅作地点状语,修饰表示具体或抽象场景的先行词,且需符合“从句缺状语”的条件。使用时注意与关系代词(which/that)及状语从句的区分。如需进一步练习,中的习题。
