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where定语从句用法 where定语从句做什么成分_ where定语从句例句1

ere定语从句用法 where定语从句做什么成分? where定语从句例句1

语从句中,where作为关系副词,其核心影响是充当地点状语,用于修饰表示地点或抽象场景的先行词。下面内容是具体分析及用法


一、where在定语从句中的成分

  • 状语
    where引导的定语从句中,where本身在从句中充当地点状语,相当于“介词(如in/at/on)+ which”结构,表示动作发生的地点。例如:

    • This is the village where (=in which) he was born.(修饰具体地点“village”)
    • We need a place where we can stay for a few days.(“where”对应“in which”)
  • 抽象概念
    where还可修饰表示抽象场景或情形的先行词(如case, situation, stage等),此时where仍作状语。例如:

    • We have reached a point where (=at which) a change is needed.(修饰抽象概念“point”)

二、使用where的制度与限制

  • 词必须表示地点或抽象场景

    • 具体地点:village, city, hotel等;
    • 抽象场景:situation, point, case等。
    • 错误示例:若先行词在从句中作主语或宾语,需用which/that,而非where。例如:
      • 正确:This is the factory that produces cars.(从句缺主语,不能用where)
      • 错误:This is the factory where produces cars.
  • 介词+which”的转换
    where可替换为“介词+which”,但介词需与先行词搭配。例如:

    • The hotel where (=in which) we stayed was clean.
    • The company where (=at which) I work is nearby.
  • 引导非限制性定语从句
    where通常引导限制性定语从句(不可省略),而which可引导非限制性定语从句。例如:

    • 限制性:This is the room where we held the meeting.(不可省略where)
    • 非限制性:Shanghai, which is a modern city, attracts many tourists.(不可用where)

三、常见错误与辨析

  • where与which/that

    • 若从句缺主语/宾语,用which/that;若缺地点状语,用where。例如:
      • The time when/at which I met her was unforgettable.(时刻状语)
      • The time that/which I told you is important.(从句缺宾语,用that/which)
  • 与状语从句混淆
    where引导定语从句时修饰名词,而地点状语从句修饰动词。例如:

    • 定语从句:I found my book where I left it.(修饰“book”的地点)
    • 状语从句:Go where you want.(修饰动作“go”)

四、实战应用示例

  • 填空:

    ilding the terraces meant that they could increase the areas__ they could grow rice.
    A. to which B. in which C. with which D. off which
    答案:B(“in which”对应“where”,表示在田地中种植水稻)

  • 改写:

    • 原句:The bookstore where I bought this book is nearby.
    • 改写:The bookstore in which I bought this book is nearby.

ere在定语从句中仅作地点状语,修饰表示具体或抽象场景的先行词,且需符合“从句缺状语”的条件。使用时注意与关系代词(which/that)及状语从句的区分。如需进一步练习,中的习题。